Estrategias para la inspección óptima de estructuras de hormigón armado sujetas a corrosión
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Gran parte de las estructuras de hormigón armado se han construido en la primera mitad del Siglo XX, por lo que su vida útil se encuentra actualmente en una etapa crítica desde la perspectiva del mantenimiento. Uno de los mecanismos de degradación más frecuentes y costosos en este tipo de infraestructura está asociado con la corrosión del refuerzo inducida por el fenómeno de carbonatación. Bajo este contexto, el objetivo de este artículo fue la formulación de un modelo de toma de decisiones para la planificación de la inspección óptima. Los tiempos de inspección fueron optimizados considerando la incertidumbre inherente al proceso de degradación y una compensación entre los costos de inspección y la capacidad de servicio de la estructura. Se ha elaborado un análisis de eficiencia a través de dos enfoques: el Análisis de Frontera Estocástica y el Análisis de Envolvente Multidireccional. Este análisis proporciona una evaluación que reduce el número de técnicas de inspección necesarias y el intervalo de tiempo entre inspecciones para proporcionar no solo una solución óptima, sino también más eficiente. Así, el resultado de esta investigación comprende un modelo para la formulación de la estrategia de inspección más adecuada que se aplicará durante su vida útil.
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