Sistema de Excitación y Compensación para Generadores de Inducción Basado en la Teoría de Potencia Instantánea
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Se reporta la aplicación de la Teoría de Potencia Instantánea a un sistema de generación autónomo trifásico, capaz de alimentar cargas desequilibradas monofásicas y/o trifásicas lineales. Este sistema propuesto se basa en el uso de un motor de inducción (MI) del tipo jaula de ardilla, un sistema de excitación compuesto por un banco de capacitores y un convertidor CC-AC de cuatro piernas que actúa como una fuente de corriente, todos conectados en paralelo, formando lo que llamamos Generador de Inducción (GI). Con esta propuesta es posible extraer corrientes sinusoidales y equilibradas del MI, reduciendo así las perdidas y las fluctuaciones de torque en la maquina; características indeseables que aparecen cuando se alimentan cargas trifásicas desequilibradas. Además, con el uso de un MI tipo jaula de ardilla, el sistema de generación tiene un bajo costo, una robustez adecuada y una mínima necesidad de mantenimiento. Se presentan resultados experimentales y de simulación que validan la viabilidad práctica de la propuesta.
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